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1992-09-20
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Measles (Rubeola)
SYMPTOMS. First signs begin with a fever, hacking cough, runny nose and
redness in the eyes. 2 to 4 days later, a sore throat develops, spots appear
on the inner surface of the cheek. These spots (called Koplik's spots)
resemble grains of sand surrounded by rosy areas. About 3 to 5 days after
the first signs, the characteristic rash appears in front of and below the
ears on the side of the neck. It then spreads downward and covers the body
within about 36 hours. The rash look like separate spots about a quarter of
an inch in diameter. They may run together later. Later, (3 to 5 days) the
fever falls and the rash fades quickly. The fever may reach 104 degrees F.
CAUSES. Measles are spread by droplets from the nose, mouth and throat. The
incubation period is about 7 to 14 days and it is highly contagious. Measles
are usually benign but there can be dangerous complication such as middle
ear infections, pneumonia and encephalitis.
TREATMENT. Prescribe medication, fluids and confinement to bed.
.Calamine lotion may be used to relieve the itching.
.All children should be vaccinated to prevent measles.
.A child may be protected if a vaccine is given within 2 days of exposure.